Commonly Exception is used to name an event which is not correct but can be recovered from, like an out_of_range exception in C++, which is commonly thrown when accessing an element in a vector or array that doesn't exist. Clearly such an event is not correct, but it happening should mean your whole program crashes.

On the other hand errors are usually used to name something that should crash everything, something like a stack overflow is an example of an event that should terminate the program as the program can't handle it internally. In other words: an error is major, while an exception is comparatively minor.

Commonly Exception is used to name an event which is not correct but can be recovered from, like an out_of_range exception in C++, which is thrown when accessing an element in a vector or array that doesn't exist. Clearly such an event is not correct, but it happening shouldn't mean your whole program crashes.

On the other hand errors are usually used to name something that should crash everything, something like a stack overflow is an example of an event that should terminate the program as the program can't handle it internally. In other words: an error is major, while an exception is comparatively minor.