Those examples are notPolymorphism isn't explicitly connected with arrays, they're classes (or rather objects created fromand the examples you give look like classes). If you want learn more aboutPolymorphism is one of the four principles of ObjectedObject Oriented Programming (the other three being (encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance), and polymorphism)is primarily connected with the last one, or justinheritance.
If you'd like to know the basics of OOP, there's no better video series (that I'm aware of) than the one hosted by Simon Allardice.
VideoThis is a good start: Computer programming: What is object-oriented language?