Absolutely. We have been caught out by this with Microsoft APIs, for example, and we were not even set up to log that in our Azure function application. So all we saw was that requests to our endpoints failed. It changed without any warning between hand testing / UAT and actual live use of our application.
Our unit tests still worked of course, because they used the schema from the Microsoft documentation (which had not been updated). I only knew because some other kind developer commented on the Microsoft documentation!
Make sure to log what you actually get as request from external APIs to your endpoint / as response to your call and throw meaningful errors (as appropriate) in your application.
This actually gives me the willies with our current project, which relies on many external APIs - we have monitoring functions and E2E tests with Cypress for vital functions running every so often, so at least we know when it happens. We are still working toon how to reliably know in advance...